Definition of preparation

"preparation" in the noun sense

1. preparation, readying

the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

"preparations for the ceremony had begun"

2. formulation, preparation

a substance prepared according to a formula

"the physician prescribed a commercial preparation of the medicine"

3. planning, preparation, provision

the cognitive process of thinking about what you will do in the event of something happening

"his planning for retirement was hindered by several uncertainties"

4. readiness, preparedness, preparation

the state of having been made ready or prepared for use or action (especially military action

"putting them in readiness"

"their preparation was more than adequate"

5. preparation

music) a note that produces a dissonant chord is first heard in a consonant chord

"the resolution of one dissonance is often the preparation for another dissonance"

6. training, preparation, grooming

activity leading to skilled behavior

7. homework, prep, preparation

preparatory school work done outside school (especially at home)

8. cooking, cookery, preparation

the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat

"cooking can be a great art"

"people are needed who have experience in cookery"

"he left the preparation of meals to his wife"

Source: WordNet® (An amazing lexical database of English)

Princeton University "About WordNet®."
WordNet®. Princeton University. 2010.


View WordNet® License

Quotations for preparation

In all affairs thou undertakest, a diligent preparation should be made. [ Cicero ]

The best preparation for the future is the present well seen to, the last duty done. [ George MacDonald ]

No man can learn what he has not preparation for learning, however near to his eyes the object may be. [ Ralph Waldo Emerson ]

Life is rather a state of embryo, - a preparation for life. A man is not completely born until he has passed through death. [ Franklin ]

To neglect at any time preparation for death is to sleep on our post at a siege; to omit it in old age is to sleep at an attack. [ Johnson ]

I fancy mankind may come in time to write all aphoristically, except in narration; grow weary of preparation and connection and illustration, and all those arts by which a big book is made. [ Dr. Johnson ]

Great trials seem to be a necessary preparation for great duties. It would seem that the more important the enterprise, the more severe the trial to which the agent is subjected in his preparation. [ Edward Thomson ]

Don't waste your life in doubts and fears: spend yourself on the work before you, well assured that the right performance of this hour's duties will be the best preparation for the hours or ages that follow it. [ Ralph Waldo Emerson ]

Providence has clearly ordained that the only path fit and salutary for man on earth is the path of persevering fortitude - the unremitting struggle of deliberate self-preparation and humble but active reliance on divine aid. [ B. L. Magoon ]

Let your sleep be necessary and healthful, not idle and expensive of time, beyond the needs and conveniences of nature; and sometimes be curious to see the preparation which the sun makes when he is coming forth from his chambers of the east. [ Jeremy Taylor ]

The first degree of proficiency is, in painting, what grammar is in literature, - a general preparation for whatever species of the art the student may afterwards choose for his more particular application. The power of drawing, modelling, and using colors is very properly called the language of the art. [ Sir Joshua Reynolds ]

Talk, except as the preparation for work, is worth almost nothing; sometimes it is worth infinitely less than nothing; and becomes, little conscious of playing such a fatal part, the general summary of pretentious nothingnesses, and the chief of all the curses the posterity of Adam are liable to in this sublunary world. [ Carlyle ]

preparation in Scrabble®

The word preparation is playable in Scrabble®, no blanks required. Because it is longer than 7 letters, you would have to play off an existing word or do it in several moves.

Scrabble® Letter Score: 15

Highest Scoring Scrabble® Play In The Letters preparation:

PREPARATION
(162)

Seven Letter Word Alert: (32 words)

aerator, airport, appoint, apteria, atropia, narrate, operant, ornater, otarine, painter, parapet, partner, patinae, pertain, pointer, praetor, printer, pronate, propane, propine, prorate, protean, protein, rapport, repaint, repoint, reprint, retrain, terrain, trainer, trapper, tripper

 

All Scrabble® Plays For The Word preparation

PREPARATION
(162)
PREPARATION
(144)
PREPARATION
(108)
PREPARATION
(96)
PREPARATION
(68)
PREPARATION
(64)
PREPARATION
(64)
PREPARATION
(64)
PREPARATION
(60)
PREPARATION
(60)
PREPARATION
(60)
PREPARATION
(60)
PREPARATION
(60)
PREPARATION
(57)
PREPARATION
(51)
PREPARATION
(51)
PREPARATION
(38)
PREPARATION
(38)
PREPARATION
(38)
PREPARATION
(38)
PREPARATION
(38)
PREPARATION
(38)
PREPARATION
(38)
PREPARATION
(38)
PREPARATION
(34)
PREPARATION
(34)
PREPARATION
(34)
PREPARATION
(34)
PREPARATION
(34)
PREPARATION
(25)
PREPARATION
(23)
PREPARATION
(21)
PREPARATION
(21)
PREPARATION
(21)
PREPARATION
(20)
PREPARATION
(18)
PREPARATION
(18)
PREPARATION
(18)

The 200 Highest Scoring Scrabble® Plays For Words Using The Letters In preparation

PREPARATION
(162)
PREPARATION
(144)
PREPARATION
(108)
PREPARATION
(96)
PARAPET
(94 = 44 + 50)
TRIPPER
(94 = 44 + 50)
APPOINT
(94 = 44 + 50)
PROPINE
(94 = 44 + 50)
PROPANE
(94 = 44 + 50)
RAPPORT
(94 = 44 + 50)
TRAPPER
(94 = 44 + 50)
PARAPET
(92 = 42 + 50)
RAPPORT
(92 = 42 + 50)
PROPINE
(92 = 42 + 50)
RAPPORT
(92 = 42 + 50)
PROPINE
(92 = 42 + 50)
TRAPPER
(92 = 42 + 50)
PROPINE
(92 = 42 + 50)
PARAPET
(92 = 42 + 50)
TRAPPER
(92 = 42 + 50)
RAPPORT
(92 = 42 + 50)
TRIPPER
(92 = 42 + 50)
PROPANE
(92 = 42 + 50)
TRAPPER
(92 = 42 + 50)
APPOINT
(92 = 42 + 50)
PROPANE
(92 = 42 + 50)
APPOINT
(92 = 42 + 50)
TRIPPER
(92 = 42 + 50)
PROPANE
(92 = 42 + 50)
TRIPPER
(92 = 42 + 50)
PARAPET
(86 = 36 + 50)
PAINTER
(86 = 36 + 50)
REPOINT
(86 = 36 + 50)
AIRPORT
(86 = 36 + 50)
TRIPPER
(86 = 36 + 50)
APTERIA
(86 = 36 + 50)
AIRPORT
(86 = 36 + 50)
TRIPPER
(86 = 36 + 50)
REPRINT
(86 = 36 + 50)
APTERIA
(86 = 36 + 50)
TRIPPER
(86 = 36 + 50)
TRAPPER
(86 = 36 + 50)
POINTER
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROTEIN
(86 = 36 + 50)
PRINTER
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROTEIN
(86 = 36 + 50)
PARAPET
(86 = 36 + 50)
PARAPET
(86 = 36 + 50)
REPAINT
(86 = 36 + 50)
TRAPPER
(86 = 36 + 50)
APPOINT
(86 = 36 + 50)
PARTNER
(86 = 36 + 50)
TRAPPER
(86 = 36 + 50)
APPOINT
(86 = 36 + 50)
REPAINT
(86 = 36 + 50)
REPOINT
(86 = 36 + 50)
APPOINT
(86 = 36 + 50)
AIRPORT
(86 = 36 + 50)
RAPPORT
(86 = 36 + 50)
TRAPPER
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROTEAN
(86 = 36 + 50)
PAINTER
(86 = 36 + 50)
APPOINT
(86 = 36 + 50)
RAPPORT
(86 = 36 + 50)
TRAPPER
(86 = 36 + 50)
RAPPORT
(86 = 36 + 50)
PATINAE
(86 = 36 + 50)
RAPPORT
(86 = 36 + 50)
APPOINT
(86 = 36 + 50)
PARTNER
(86 = 36 + 50)
APPOINT
(86 = 36 + 50)
RAPPORT
(86 = 36 + 50)
PRINTER
(86 = 36 + 50)
REPRINT
(86 = 36 + 50)
PATINAE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PRAETOR
(86 = 36 + 50)
PARAPET
(86 = 36 + 50)
OPERANT
(86 = 36 + 50)
TRIPPER
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROPINE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROPINE
(86 = 36 + 50)
TRIPPER
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROPINE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROPINE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PARAPET
(86 = 36 + 50)
PRORATE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROPANE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PERTAIN
(86 = 36 + 50)
OPERANT
(86 = 36 + 50)
PRONATE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROPANE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROPANE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROPANE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PRONATE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROPANE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PERTAIN
(86 = 36 + 50)
PRAETOR
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROPINE
(86 = 36 + 50)
PRORATE
(86 = 36 + 50)
ATROPIA
(86 = 36 + 50)
PROTEAN
(86 = 36 + 50)
ATROPIA
(86 = 36 + 50)
POINTER
(86 = 36 + 50)
PARAPET
(86 = 36 + 50)
PARAPET
(84 = 34 + 50)
RAPPORT
(84 = 34 + 50)
TRIPPER
(84 = 34 + 50)
APPOINT
(84 = 34 + 50)
APPOINT
(84 = 34 + 50)
TRAPPER
(84 = 34 + 50)
TRIPPER
(83 = 33 + 50)
APPOINT
(83 = 33 + 50)
PROPINE
(83 = 33 + 50)
PROPANE
(83 = 33 + 50)
PARAPET
(83 = 33 + 50)
RAPPORT
(83 = 33 + 50)
TRAPPER
(83 = 33 + 50)
OPERANT
(80 = 30 + 50)
ATROPIA
(80 = 30 + 50)
PAINTER
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPAINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
PAINTER
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPRINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPAINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPRINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPAINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPRINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
ATROPIA
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPRINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPRINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
PATINAE
(80 = 30 + 50)
OPERANT
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRAETOR
(80 = 30 + 50)
ATROPIA
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPOINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPOINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRAETOR
(80 = 30 + 50)
ATROPIA
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRAETOR
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPOINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPOINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPOINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
ATROPIA
(80 = 30 + 50)
ATROPIA
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRAETOR
(80 = 30 + 50)
PATINAE
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPRINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
PAINTER
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRAETOR
(80 = 30 + 50)
ATROPIA
(80 = 30 + 50)
PATINAE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRAETOR
(80 = 30 + 50)
PAINTER
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPRINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPOINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRAETOR
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPRINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
OPERANT
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPOINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
PARTNER
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRINTER
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPAINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
PARTNER
(80 = 30 + 50)
PROTEAN
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRINTER
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRINTER
(80 = 30 + 50)
PARTNER
(80 = 30 + 50)
PROTEAN
(80 = 30 + 50)
PROTEAN
(80 = 30 + 50)
PROTEAN
(80 = 30 + 50)
PROTEAN
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRONATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PROTEAN
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRORATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRORATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRORATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRORATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PROTEIN
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRORATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRORATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRONATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRORATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PROPINE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRONATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRONATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PARAPET
(80 = 30 + 50)
PARAPET
(80 = 30 + 50)
PROPANE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRONATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRONATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PRONATE
(80 = 30 + 50)
PROTEAN
(80 = 30 + 50)
PROTEIN
(80 = 30 + 50)
PAINTER
(80 = 30 + 50)
APTERIA
(80 = 30 + 50)
ATROPIA
(80 = 30 + 50)
PARTNER
(80 = 30 + 50)
APPOINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPAINT
(80 = 30 + 50)
REPAINT
(80 = 30 + 50)

preparation in Words With Friends™

The word preparation is playable in Words With Friends™, no blanks required. Because it is longer than 7 letters, you would have to play off an existing word or do it in several moves.

Words With Friends™ Letter Score: 18

Highest Scoring Words With Friends™ Play In The Letters preparation:

PREPARATION
(252)

Seven Letter Word Alert: (32 words)

aerator, airport, appoint, apteria, atropia, narrate, operant, ornater, otarine, painter, parapet, partner, patinae, pertain, pointer, praetor, printer, pronate, propane, propine, prorate, protean, protein, rapport, repaint, repoint, reprint, retrain, terrain, trainer, trapper, tripper

 

All Words With Friends™ Plays For The Word preparation

PREPARATION
(252)
PREPARATION
(198)
PREPARATION
(198)
PREPARATION
(156)
PREPARATION
(120)
PREPARATION
(96)
PREPARATION
(76)
PREPARATION
(76)
PREPARATION
(76)
PREPARATION
(76)
PREPARATION
(72)
PREPARATION
(72)
PREPARATION
(72)
PREPARATION
(66)
PREPARATION
(66)
PREPARATION
(56)
PREPARATION
(48)
PREPARATION
(44)
PREPARATION
(44)
PREPARATION
(44)
PREPARATION
(44)
PREPARATION
(44)
PREPARATION
(36)
PREPARATION
(36)
PREPARATION
(29)
PREPARATION
(28)
PREPARATION
(27)
PREPARATION
(27)
PREPARATION
(26)
PREPARATION
(24)
PREPARATION
(24)
PREPARATION
(23)
PREPARATION
(22)
PREPARATION
(22)
PREPARATION
(21)
PREPARATION
(21)
PREPARATION
(21)
PREPARATION
(20)
PREPARATION
(20)

The 200 Highest Scoring Words With Friends™ Plays Using The Letters In preparation

PREPARATION
(252)
PREPARATION
(198)
PREPARATION
(198)
PREPARATION
(156)
PREPARATION
(120)
PROPINE
(113 = 78 + 35)
PROPANE
(113 = 78 + 35)
PROPINE
(107 = 72 + 35)
PROPINE
(107 = 72 + 35)
PROPANE
(107 = 72 + 35)
APPOINT
(107 = 72 + 35)
APPOINT
(107 = 72 + 35)
PROPANE
(107 = 72 + 35)
TRAPPER
(104 = 69 + 35)
RAPPORT
(104 = 69 + 35)
TRAPPER
(104 = 69 + 35)
TRIPPER
(104 = 69 + 35)
TRIPPER
(104 = 69 + 35)
PARAPET
(104 = 69 + 35)
RAPPORT
(104 = 69 + 35)
RAPPORT
(104 = 69 + 35)
TRIPPER
(104 = 69 + 35)
TRAPPER
(104 = 69 + 35)
PARAPET
(104 = 69 + 35)
PROPANE
(101 = 66 + 35)
PROPINE
(101 = 66 + 35)
PROPINE
(101 = 66 + 35)
PROPANE
(101 = 66 + 35)
APPOINT
(101 = 66 + 35)
PROPINE
(101 = 66 + 35)
PROPANE
(101 = 66 + 35)
TRIPPER
(98 = 63 + 35)
TRAPPER
(98 = 63 + 35)
PAINTER
(98 = 63 + 35)
REPAINT
(98 = 63 + 35)
RAPPORT
(98 = 63 + 35)
RAPPORT
(98 = 63 + 35)
PROTEIN
(98 = 63 + 35)
TRAPPER
(98 = 63 + 35)
OPERANT
(98 = 63 + 35)
PRONATE
(98 = 63 + 35)
PARTNER
(98 = 63 + 35)
PERTAIN
(98 = 63 + 35)
REPOINT
(98 = 63 + 35)
POINTER
(98 = 63 + 35)
PARAPET
(98 = 63 + 35)
REPRINT
(98 = 63 + 35)
PRINTER
(98 = 63 + 35)
PATINAE
(98 = 63 + 35)
PROTEAN
(98 = 63 + 35)
TRIPPER
(98 = 63 + 35)
PREPARATION
(96)
ATROPIA
(95 = 60 + 35)
AIRPORT
(95 = 60 + 35)
PRAETOR
(95 = 60 + 35)
AIRPORT
(95 = 60 + 35)
APTERIA
(95 = 60 + 35)
APPOINT
(95 = 60 + 35)
PRORATE
(95 = 60 + 35)
PERTAIN
(92 = 57 + 35)
PATINAE
(92 = 57 + 35)
POINTER
(92 = 57 + 35)
OPERANT
(92 = 57 + 35)
PROTEIN
(92 = 57 + 35)
PRONATE
(92 = 57 + 35)
PARTNER
(92 = 57 + 35)
PROTEAN
(92 = 57 + 35)
PAINTER
(92 = 57 + 35)
PRINTER
(92 = 57 + 35)
APPOINT
(91 = 56 + 35)
PROPINE
(91 = 56 + 35)
PROPINE
(91 = 56 + 35)
PROPANE
(91 = 56 + 35)
APPOINT
(91 = 56 + 35)
PROPINE
(91 = 56 + 35)
PROPANE
(91 = 56 + 35)
PROPANE
(91 = 56 + 35)
APPOINT
(91 = 56 + 35)
PROPINE
(89 = 54 + 35)
PROPANE
(89 = 54 + 35)
AIRPORT
(89 = 54 + 35)
AIRPORT
(89 = 54 + 35)
PRAETOR
(89 = 54 + 35)
PROPINE
(89 = 54 + 35)
PROPANE
(89 = 54 + 35)
APPOINT
(89 = 54 + 35)
APPOINT
(89 = 54 + 35)
APTERIA
(89 = 54 + 35)
PRORATE
(89 = 54 + 35)
TRIPPER
(87 = 52 + 35)
TRAPPER
(87 = 52 + 35)
TRIPPER
(87 = 52 + 35)
TRIPPER
(87 = 52 + 35)
RAPPORT
(87 = 52 + 35)
RAPPORT
(87 = 52 + 35)
PARAPET
(87 = 52 + 35)
TRAPPER
(87 = 52 + 35)
PARAPET
(87 = 52 + 35)
TRAPPER
(87 = 52 + 35)
RAPPORT
(87 = 52 + 35)
PARAPET
(87 = 52 + 35)
RAPPORT
(86 = 51 + 35)
TRAPPER
(86 = 51 + 35)
PAINTER
(86 = 51 + 35)
POINTER
(86 = 51 + 35)
REPOINT
(86 = 51 + 35)
PRONATE
(86 = 51 + 35)
REPAINT
(86 = 51 + 35)
PROTEAN
(86 = 51 + 35)
PARTNER
(86 = 51 + 35)
PAINTER
(86 = 51 + 35)
PROTEIN
(86 = 51 + 35)
PATINAE
(86 = 51 + 35)
POINTER
(86 = 51 + 35)
PRINTER
(86 = 51 + 35)
PRINTER
(86 = 51 + 35)
TRIPPER
(86 = 51 + 35)
OPERANT
(86 = 51 + 35)
PARAPET
(86 = 51 + 35)
PARAPET
(86 = 51 + 35)
PERTAIN
(86 = 51 + 35)
PRONATE
(86 = 51 + 35)
REPRINT
(86 = 51 + 35)
APPOINT
(83 = 48 + 35)
PROPINE
(83 = 48 + 35)
PROPANE
(83 = 48 + 35)
APPOINT
(83 = 48 + 35)
PROPINE
(83 = 48 + 35)
APPOINT
(83 = 48 + 35)
APPOINT
(83 = 48 + 35)
PROPANE
(83 = 48 + 35)
PRONATE
(80 = 45 + 35)
TRIPPER
(80 = 45 + 35)
PRINTER
(80 = 45 + 35)
PROTEIN
(80 = 45 + 35)
REPAINT
(80 = 45 + 35)
TRAPPER
(80 = 45 + 35)
PARTNER
(80 = 45 + 35)
PAINTER
(80 = 45 + 35)
REPOINT
(80 = 45 + 35)
PRINTER
(80 = 45 + 35)
PAINTER
(80 = 45 + 35)
PARAPET
(80 = 45 + 35)
REPOINT
(80 = 45 + 35)
PARAPET
(80 = 45 + 35)
PRONATE
(80 = 45 + 35)
PARAPET
(80 = 45 + 35)
PARTNER
(80 = 45 + 35)
PARAPET
(80 = 45 + 35)
PRINTER
(80 = 45 + 35)
PARAPET
(80 = 45 + 35)
TRIPPER
(80 = 45 + 35)
PRONATE
(80 = 45 + 35)
REPAINT
(80 = 45 + 35)
REPAINT
(80 = 45 + 35)
RAPPORT
(80 = 45 + 35)
OPERANT
(80 = 45 + 35)
TRAPPER
(80 = 45 + 35)
POINTER
(80 = 45 + 35)
RAPPORT
(80 = 45 + 35)
PATINAE
(80 = 45 + 35)
TRIPPER
(80 = 45 + 35)
PERTAIN
(80 = 45 + 35)
PROTEAN
(80 = 45 + 35)
PROTEIN
(80 = 45 + 35)
OPERANT
(80 = 45 + 35)
OPERANT
(80 = 45 + 35)
RAPPORT
(80 = 45 + 35)
PERTAIN
(80 = 45 + 35)
PROTEIN
(80 = 45 + 35)
PERTAIN
(80 = 45 + 35)
REPRINT
(80 = 45 + 35)
RAPPORT
(80 = 45 + 35)
PATINAE
(80 = 45 + 35)
REPRINT
(80 = 45 + 35)
POINTER
(80 = 45 + 35)
PROTEAN
(80 = 45 + 35)
PROTEAN
(80 = 45 + 35)
REPRINT
(80 = 45 + 35)
TRAPPER
(80 = 45 + 35)
TRIPPER
(80 = 45 + 35)
PAINTER
(80 = 45 + 35)
REPOINT
(80 = 45 + 35)
POINTER
(80 = 45 + 35)
TRAPPER
(80 = 45 + 35)
REPOINT
(79 = 44 + 35)
POINTER
(79 = 44 + 35)
PERTAIN
(79 = 44 + 35)
PARTNER
(79 = 44 + 35)
PERTAIN
(79 = 44 + 35)
PROTEIN
(79 = 44 + 35)
PATINAE
(79 = 44 + 35)
REPOINT
(79 = 44 + 35)
PARTNER
(79 = 44 + 35)
POINTER
(79 = 44 + 35)
POINTER
(79 = 44 + 35)
PRINTER
(79 = 44 + 35)
REPRINT
(79 = 44 + 35)
PATINAE
(79 = 44 + 35)
PRINTER
(79 = 44 + 35)

Words within the letters of preparation

2 letter words in preparation (17 words)

8 letter words in preparation (7 words)

9 letter words in preparation (2 words)

10 letter words in preparation (2 words)

11 letter words in preparation (Anagrams) (2 words)

preparation + 1 blank (2 words)

Words containing the sequence preparation

Words that start with preparation (2 words)

Words with preparation in them (2 words)

Words that end with preparation (2 words)

Word Growth involving preparation

Shorter words in preparation

re prep

ar par reparation

pa par reparation

on ion ration reparation

at rat ratio ration reparation

re reparation

Longer words containing preparation

overpreparation overpreparations

preparations overpreparations