Definition of acknowledgment

"acknowledgment" in the noun sense

1. recognition, acknowledgment, acknowledgement

the state or quality of being recognized or acknowledged

"the partners were delighted with the recognition of their work"

"she seems to avoid much in the way of recognition or acknowledgement of feminist work prior to her own"

2. citation, cite, acknowledgment, credit, reference, mention, quotation

a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage

"the student's essay failed to list several important citations"

"the acknowledgments are usually printed at the front of a book"

"the article includes mention of similar clinical cases"

3. acknowledgment, acknowledgement

a statement acknowledging something or someone

"she must have seen him but she gave no sign of acknowledgment"

"the preface contained an acknowledgment of those who had helped her"

Source: WordNet® (An amazing lexical database of English)

Princeton University "About WordNet®."
WordNet®. Princeton University. 2010.


View WordNet® License

Quotations for acknowledgment

Lying is the strongest acknowledgment of the force of truth. [ Hazlitt ]

The acknowledgment of our weakness is the first step towards repairing our loss. [ Thomas à Kempis ]

There are few men so obstinate in their atheism whom a pressing danger will not reduce to an acknowledgment of the Divine power. [ Plato ]

acknowledgment in Scrabble®

The word acknowledgment is playable in Scrabble®, no blanks required. Because it is longer than 7 letters, you would have to play off an existing word or do it in several moves.

Scrabble® Letter Score: 27

Highest Scoring Scrabble® Play In The Letters acknowledgment:

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(315)

Seven Letter Word Alert: (93 words)

acetone, anemone, canteen, catelog, catogen, clanged, clanked, cleaned, clement, cloaked, clonked, clowned, coalmen, cognate, condemn, congeal, contend, daglock, decagon, decalog, dockage, dockman, dockmen, elegant, emendal, enacted, endgame, endnote, endogen, enolate, gatemen, geekdom, gelated, genlock, gentled, glanced, gleamed, gleaned, gloamed, gloated, goateed, lactone, lemoned, letdown, located, lockman, lockmen, mackled, magneto, mangled, mantled, megaton, melange, menaced, metaled, montage, montane, nanogel, negated, neglect, neonate, nondate, nongame, nongeek, nonlake, nonlate, nonlead, nonmale, nonmate, nonmeal, nonmeat, tackled, tacnode, taglock, tangelo, tangled, tangoed, telecom, telogen, tokened, tonnage, toweled, twanged, twangle, tweaked, wakemen, wakened, wangled, wedlock, welcome, wetdock, wetland, woadmen

 

All Scrabble® Plays For The Word acknowledgment

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(315)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(261)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(210)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(174)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(156)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(132)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(128)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(120)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(116)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(116)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(108)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(108)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(47)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(37)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(36)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(36)

The 200 Highest Scoring Scrabble® Plays For Words Using The Letters In acknowledgment

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(315)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(261)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(210)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(174)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(156)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(132)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(128)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(120)
WETDOCK
(118 = 68 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(118 = 68 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(116 = 66 + 50)
WETDOCK
(116 = 66 + 50)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(116)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(116)
DOCKMEN
(114 = 64 + 50)
MACKLED
(114 = 64 + 50)
WAKEMEN
(114 = 64 + 50)
DOCKMAN
(114 = 64 + 50)
DOCKMEN
(113 = 63 + 50)
MACKLED
(113 = 63 + 50)
WETDOCK
(113 = 63 + 50)
WAKEMEN
(113 = 63 + 50)
DOCKMEN
(113 = 63 + 50)
DOCKMAN
(113 = 63 + 50)
MACKLED
(113 = 63 + 50)
DOCKMAN
(113 = 63 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(113 = 63 + 50)
GEEKDOM
(110 = 60 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(110 = 60 + 50)
LOCKMAN
(110 = 60 + 50)
DAGLOCK
(110 = 60 + 50)
LOCKMAN
(110 = 60 + 50)
WETDOCK
(110 = 60 + 50)
DOCKAGE
(110 = 60 + 50)
TWEAKED
(110 = 60 + 50)
DOCKAGE
(110 = 60 + 50)
DAGLOCK
(110 = 60 + 50)
LOCKMAN
(110 = 60 + 50)
GEEKDOM
(110 = 60 + 50)
WAKEMEN
(110 = 60 + 50)
LOCKMEN
(110 = 60 + 50)
DOCKAGE
(110 = 60 + 50)
TWEAKED
(110 = 60 + 50)
WAKENED
(110 = 60 + 50)
LOCKMEN
(110 = 60 + 50)
GEEKDOM
(110 = 60 + 50)
LOCKMEN
(110 = 60 + 50)
WAKENED
(110 = 60 + 50)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(108)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(108)
CLANKED
(107 = 57 + 50)
TWEAKED
(107 = 57 + 50)
MACKLED
(107 = 57 + 50)
TACKLED
(107 = 57 + 50)
MACKLED
(107 = 57 + 50)
TACKLED
(107 = 57 + 50)
TAGLOCK
(107 = 57 + 50)
DOCKMAN
(107 = 57 + 50)
DOCKMEN
(107 = 57 + 50)
WAKENED
(107 = 57 + 50)
CLOAKED
(107 = 57 + 50)
GENLOCK
(107 = 57 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(107 = 57 + 50)
DOCKMAN
(107 = 57 + 50)
WAKEMEN
(107 = 57 + 50)
WETDOCK
(107 = 57 + 50)
CLONKED
(107 = 57 + 50)
WETDOCK
(107 = 57 + 50)
DOCKMEN
(107 = 57 + 50)
GENLOCK
(106 = 56 + 50)
WELCOME
(106 = 56 + 50)
CLANKED
(106 = 56 + 50)
TAGLOCK
(106 = 56 + 50)
CLONKED
(106 = 56 + 50)
CLOAKED
(106 = 56 + 50)
TACKLED
(106 = 56 + 50)
LOCKMEN
(104 = 54 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(104 = 54 + 50)
DAGLOCK
(104 = 54 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(104 = 54 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(104 = 54 + 50)
LOCKMAN
(104 = 54 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(104 = 54 + 50)
DOCKMAN
(104 = 54 + 50)
WELCOME
(104 = 54 + 50)
LOCKMEN
(104 = 54 + 50)
GEEKDOM
(104 = 54 + 50)
MACKLED
(104 = 54 + 50)
WETDOCK
(104 = 54 + 50)
WETDOCK
(104 = 54 + 50)
WETDOCK
(104 = 54 + 50)
DOCKMEN
(104 = 54 + 50)
LOCKMAN
(104 = 54 + 50)
DOCKAGE
(104 = 54 + 50)
WOADMEN
(102 = 52 + 50)
CLOWNED
(102 = 52 + 50)
WAKEMEN
(102 = 52 + 50)
DOCKMAN
(101 = 51 + 50)
DOCKMEN
(101 = 51 + 50)
WETDOCK
(101 = 51 + 50)
NONGEEK
(101 = 51 + 50)
GENLOCK
(101 = 51 + 50)
TACKLED
(101 = 51 + 50)
MACKLED
(101 = 51 + 50)
CLANKED
(101 = 51 + 50)
CLONKED
(101 = 51 + 50)
WELCOME
(101 = 51 + 50)
DOCKMAN
(101 = 51 + 50)
DOCKMEN
(101 = 51 + 50)
DOCKMEN
(101 = 51 + 50)
DOCKMAN
(101 = 51 + 50)
MACKLED
(101 = 51 + 50)
DAGLOCK
(101 = 51 + 50)
WOADMEN
(101 = 51 + 50)
DOCKAGE
(101 = 51 + 50)
WELCOME
(101 = 51 + 50)
DOCKAGE
(101 = 51 + 50)
GEEKDOM
(101 = 51 + 50)
MACKLED
(101 = 51 + 50)
WAKEMEN
(101 = 51 + 50)
WAKEMEN
(101 = 51 + 50)
TOKENED
(101 = 51 + 50)
CLOWNED
(101 = 51 + 50)
DAGLOCK
(101 = 51 + 50)
CLOAKED
(101 = 51 + 50)
GEEKDOM
(101 = 51 + 50)
WELCOME
(101 = 51 + 50)
CLOWNED
(101 = 51 + 50)
TAGLOCK
(101 = 51 + 50)
WAKEMEN
(101 = 51 + 50)
TWEAKED
(101 = 51 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(101 = 51 + 50)
WAKEMEN
(101 = 51 + 50)
WAKENED
(101 = 51 + 50)
WAKEMEN
(101 = 51 + 50)
WAKEMEN
(100 = 50 + 50)
TWEAKED
(100 = 50 + 50)
WAKENED
(100 = 50 + 50)
TWANGED
(98 = 48 + 50)
CLANKED
(98 = 48 + 50)
LOCKMEN
(98 = 48 + 50)
LOCKMEN
(98 = 48 + 50)
LOCKMEN
(98 = 48 + 50)
TWANGED
(98 = 48 + 50)
LOCKMEN
(98 = 48 + 50)
TACKLED
(98 = 48 + 50)
MACKLED
(98 = 48 + 50)
TAGLOCK
(98 = 48 + 50)
MENACED
(98 = 48 + 50)
TWEAKED
(98 = 48 + 50)
WOADMEN
(98 = 48 + 50)
CLONKED
(98 = 48 + 50)
TWEAKED
(98 = 48 + 50)
WAKEMEN
(98 = 48 + 50)
GEEKDOM
(98 = 48 + 50)
GEEKDOM
(98 = 48 + 50)
CLOAKED
(98 = 48 + 50)
WANGLED
(98 = 48 + 50)
WAKENED
(98 = 48 + 50)
WAKENED
(98 = 48 + 50)
WANGLED
(98 = 48 + 50)
WAKENED
(98 = 48 + 50)
WAKENED
(98 = 48 + 50)
WAKENED
(98 = 48 + 50)
WAKENED
(98 = 48 + 50)
CLOAKED
(98 = 48 + 50)
NONGEEK
(98 = 48 + 50)
DOCKAGE
(98 = 48 + 50)
GENLOCK
(98 = 48 + 50)
NONLAKE
(98 = 48 + 50)
CLONKED
(98 = 48 + 50)
DOCKMEN
(98 = 48 + 50)
DAGLOCK
(98 = 48 + 50)
DOCKMAN
(98 = 48 + 50)
TWEAKED
(98 = 48 + 50)
DOCKAGE
(98 = 48 + 50)
TWEAKED
(98 = 48 + 50)
CLANKED
(98 = 48 + 50)
TWEAKED
(98 = 48 + 50)
DOCKAGE
(98 = 48 + 50)
DAGLOCK
(98 = 48 + 50)
GEEKDOM
(98 = 48 + 50)
LOCKMAN
(98 = 48 + 50)
CONDEMN
(98 = 48 + 50)
LOCKMAN
(98 = 48 + 50)
TOKENED
(98 = 48 + 50)
DAGLOCK
(98 = 48 + 50)
LOCKMAN
(98 = 48 + 50)
CLOWNED
(98 = 48 + 50)
LOCKMAN
(98 = 48 + 50)
DAGLOCK
(98 = 48 + 50)
TWEAKED
(96 = 46 + 50)
WETDOCK
(96 = 46 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(96 = 46 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(96 = 46 + 50)
WETDOCK
(96 = 46 + 50)
WEDLOCK
(96 = 46 + 50)
TAGLOCK
(95 = 45 + 50)
GENLOCK
(95 = 45 + 50)
CLANKED
(95 = 45 + 50)

acknowledgment in Words With Friends™

The word acknowledgment is playable in Words With Friends™, no blanks required. Because it is longer than 7 letters, you would have to play off an existing word or do it in several moves.

Words With Friends™ Letter Score: 33

Highest Scoring Words With Friends™ Play In The Letters acknowledgment:

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(387)

Seven Letter Word Alert: (93 words)

acetone, anemone, canteen, catelog, catogen, clanged, clanked, cleaned, clement, cloaked, clonked, clowned, coalmen, cognate, condemn, congeal, contend, daglock, decagon, decalog, dockage, dockman, dockmen, elegant, emendal, enacted, endgame, endnote, endogen, enolate, gatemen, geekdom, gelated, genlock, gentled, glanced, gleamed, gleaned, gloamed, gloated, goateed, lactone, lemoned, letdown, located, lockman, lockmen, mackled, magneto, mangled, mantled, megaton, melange, menaced, metaled, montage, montane, nanogel, negated, neglect, neonate, nondate, nongame, nongeek, nonlake, nonlate, nonlead, nonmale, nonmate, nonmeal, nonmeat, tackled, tacnode, taglock, tangelo, tangled, tangoed, telecom, telogen, tokened, tonnage, toweled, twanged, twangle, tweaked, wakemen, wakened, wangled, wedlock, welcome, wetdock, wetland, woadmen

 

All Words With Friends™ Plays For The Word acknowledgment

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(387)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(369)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(306)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(234)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(188)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(160)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(156)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(152)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(132)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(132)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(44)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(43)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(43)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(41)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(40)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(40)

The 200 Highest Scoring Words With Friends™ Plays Using The Letters In acknowledgment

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(387)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(369)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(306)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(234)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(188)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(160)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(156)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(152)
WAKEMEN
(143 = 108 + 35)
MACKLED
(140 = 105 + 35)
WAKENED
(137 = 102 + 35)
DOCKAGE
(134 = 99 + 35)
WELCOME
(134 = 99 + 35)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(132)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
(132)
LOCKMEN
(128 = 93 + 35)
LOCKMEN
(128 = 93 + 35)
MACKLED
(128 = 93 + 35)
DOCKMEN
(128 = 93 + 35)
DOCKMAN
(128 = 93 + 35)
CLONKED
(128 = 93 + 35)
DOCKMAN
(128 = 93 + 35)
LOCKMAN
(128 = 93 + 35)
DOCKMAN
(128 = 93 + 35)
DOCKMEN
(128 = 93 + 35)
DOCKMAN
(128 = 93 + 35)
CLANKED
(128 = 93 + 35)
LOCKMAN
(128 = 93 + 35)
LOCKMEN
(128 = 93 + 35)
WEDLOCK
(128 = 93 + 35)
LOCKMEN
(128 = 93 + 35)
WEDLOCK
(128 = 93 + 35)
LOCKMAN
(128 = 93 + 35)
MACKLED
(128 = 93 + 35)
DOCKMEN
(128 = 93 + 35)
LOCKMAN
(128 = 93 + 35)
DOCKMEN
(128 = 93 + 35)
WEDLOCK
(128 = 93 + 35)
WETDOCK
(125 = 90 + 35)
GENLOCK
(125 = 90 + 35)
CLOAKED
(125 = 90 + 35)
GENLOCK
(125 = 90 + 35)
TELECOM
(125 = 90 + 35)
DAGLOCK
(125 = 90 + 35)
WAKEMEN
(125 = 90 + 35)
DAGLOCK
(125 = 90 + 35)
WETDOCK
(125 = 90 + 35)
DOCKMEN
(122 = 87 + 35)
DOCKAGE
(122 = 87 + 35)
DOCKMEN
(122 = 87 + 35)
TWEAKED
(122 = 87 + 35)
LOCKMEN
(122 = 87 + 35)
LOCKMEN
(122 = 87 + 35)
LOCKMAN
(122 = 87 + 35)
DOCKAGE
(122 = 87 + 35)
WEDLOCK
(122 = 87 + 35)
WELCOME
(122 = 87 + 35)
LOCKMAN
(122 = 87 + 35)
DOCKMAN
(122 = 87 + 35)
DOCKMAN
(122 = 87 + 35)
TAGLOCK
(122 = 87 + 35)
GEEKDOM
(122 = 87 + 35)
TAGLOCK
(122 = 87 + 35)
GEEKDOM
(122 = 87 + 35)
GEEKDOM
(122 = 87 + 35)
MACKLED
(122 = 87 + 35)
MACKLED
(122 = 87 + 35)
CONDEMN
(119 = 84 + 35)
TACKLED
(119 = 84 + 35)
GENLOCK
(119 = 84 + 35)
ENDGAME
(119 = 84 + 35)
NONGAME
(119 = 84 + 35)
CONDEMN
(119 = 84 + 35)
NONLAKE
(119 = 84 + 35)
CLOWNED
(119 = 84 + 35)
TACKLED
(119 = 84 + 35)
GENLOCK
(119 = 84 + 35)
DAGLOCK
(119 = 84 + 35)
WETDOCK
(119 = 84 + 35)
DAGLOCK
(119 = 84 + 35)
WETDOCK
(119 = 84 + 35)
DOCKAGE
(116 = 81 + 35)
CLEMENT
(116 = 81 + 35)
MANGLED
(116 = 81 + 35)
GEEKDOM
(116 = 81 + 35)
CLEMENT
(116 = 81 + 35)
MENACED
(116 = 81 + 35)
MENACED
(116 = 81 + 35)
COGNATE
(116 = 81 + 35)
COALMEN
(116 = 81 + 35)
WEDLOCK
(116 = 81 + 35)
GEEKDOM
(116 = 81 + 35)
WANGLED
(116 = 81 + 35)
WELCOME
(116 = 81 + 35)
MACKLED
(116 = 81 + 35)
TAGLOCK
(116 = 81 + 35)
DOCKAGE
(116 = 81 + 35)
MAGNETO
(116 = 81 + 35)
CLANKED
(116 = 81 + 35)
WEDLOCK
(116 = 81 + 35)
MACKLED
(116 = 81 + 35)
MEGATON
(116 = 81 + 35)
GLANCED
(116 = 81 + 35)
CLONKED
(116 = 81 + 35)
NONGEEK
(116 = 81 + 35)
WOADMEN
(116 = 81 + 35)
MELANGE
(113 = 78 + 35)
TWANGED
(113 = 78 + 35)
DECALOG
(113 = 78 + 35)
TACKLED
(113 = 78 + 35)
GLOAMED
(113 = 78 + 35)
TACKLED
(113 = 78 + 35)
TACKLED
(113 = 78 + 35)
WAKEMEN
(113 = 78 + 35)
CLOWNED
(113 = 78 + 35)
CONGEAL
(113 = 78 + 35)
CLOAKED
(113 = 78 + 35)
DAGLOCK
(113 = 78 + 35)
CLOWNED
(113 = 78 + 35)
NEGLECT
(113 = 78 + 35)
WETDOCK
(113 = 78 + 35)
GENLOCK
(113 = 78 + 35)
DECAGON
(113 = 78 + 35)
GLEAMED
(113 = 78 + 35)
TWANGLE
(113 = 78 + 35)
WETDOCK
(113 = 78 + 35)
LOCKMAN
(111 = 76 + 35)
DOCKMEN
(111 = 76 + 35)
LOCKMEN
(111 = 76 + 35)
DOCKMAN
(111 = 76 + 35)
LOCKMAN
(111 = 76 + 35)
DOCKMEN
(111 = 76 + 35)
MACKLED
(111 = 76 + 35)
WEDLOCK
(111 = 76 + 35)
LOCKMEN
(111 = 76 + 35)
WEDLOCK
(111 = 76 + 35)
MACKLED
(111 = 76 + 35)
DOCKMAN
(111 = 76 + 35)
MACKLED
(111 = 76 + 35)
LOCKMEN
(111 = 76 + 35)
DOCKMEN
(111 = 76 + 35)
DOCKMAN
(111 = 76 + 35)
LOCKMAN
(111 = 76 + 35)
WEDLOCK
(111 = 76 + 35)
CLANKED
(110 = 75 + 35)
WELCOME
(110 = 75 + 35)
WELCOME
(110 = 75 + 35)
CLANGED
(110 = 75 + 35)
GATEMEN
(110 = 75 + 35)
TAGLOCK
(110 = 75 + 35)
WELCOME
(110 = 75 + 35)
WEDLOCK
(110 = 75 + 35)
TAGLOCK
(110 = 75 + 35)
WELCOME
(110 = 75 + 35)
NONMALE
(110 = 75 + 35)
LEMONED
(110 = 75 + 35)
CLANGED
(110 = 75 + 35)
CLANKED
(110 = 75 + 35)
COALMEN
(110 = 75 + 35)
EMENDAL
(110 = 75 + 35)
CLONKED
(110 = 75 + 35)
CONTEND
(110 = 75 + 35)
CLEMENT
(110 = 75 + 35)
TWEAKED
(110 = 75 + 35)
GEEKDOM
(110 = 75 + 35)
CLONKED
(110 = 75 + 35)
LETDOWN
(110 = 75 + 35)
MONTAGE
(110 = 75 + 35)
TOKENED
(110 = 75 + 35)
WOADMEN
(110 = 75 + 35)
GEEKDOM
(110 = 75 + 35)
MANTLED
(110 = 75 + 35)
NONGEEK
(110 = 75 + 35)
WETDOCK
(107 = 72 + 35)
LOCATED
(107 = 72 + 35)
ANEMONE
(107 = 72 + 35)
CLOAKED
(107 = 72 + 35)
NEGLECT
(107 = 72 + 35)
WETDOCK
(107 = 72 + 35)
DAGLOCK
(107 = 72 + 35)
DAGLOCK
(107 = 72 + 35)
CLOWNED
(107 = 72 + 35)
GENLOCK
(107 = 72 + 35)
ENDGAME
(107 = 72 + 35)
DECAGON
(107 = 72 + 35)
WETDOCK
(107 = 72 + 35)
WETDOCK
(107 = 72 + 35)
DAGLOCK
(107 = 72 + 35)
WAKEMEN
(107 = 72 + 35)
WAKENED
(107 = 72 + 35)
DECALOG
(107 = 72 + 35)
TACKLED
(107 = 72 + 35)
GENLOCK
(107 = 72 + 35)
NONLAKE
(107 = 72 + 35)
CANTEEN
(107 = 72 + 35)
CLOWNED
(107 = 72 + 35)
GENLOCK
(107 = 72 + 35)
GENLOCK
(107 = 72 + 35)
WAKENED
(107 = 72 + 35)
WAKEMEN
(107 = 72 + 35)

Words within the letters of acknowledgment

2 letter words in acknowledgment (19 words)

10 letter words in acknowledgment (3 words)

11 letter words in acknowledgment (3 words)

14 letter words in acknowledgment (1 word)

acknowledgment + 1 blank (2 words)

acknowledgment + 2 blanks (3 words)

Words containing the sequence acknowledgment

Words that start with acknowledgment (2 words)

Words with acknowledgment in them (4 words)

Words that end with acknowledgment (4 words)

Word Growth involving acknowledgment

Shorter words in acknowledgment

no now know

ow now know

en men

me men

led owled

ow owl owled

Longer words containing acknowledgment

acknowledgments reacknowledgments preacknowledgments

acknowledgments unacknowledgments

reacknowledgment preacknowledgment preacknowledgments

reacknowledgment reacknowledgments preacknowledgments

unacknowledgment unacknowledgments